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Assigning a colour profile and converting to it do different things
One changes interpretation; the other changes colour numbers to preserve appearance.
If a strip changes colour when opened on another device, the embedded profile may be missing or mishandled. Choosing between assigning and converting a profile is an important distinction.
Assign means interpret
Assigning a profile attaches a meaning to existing pixel values without changing those values. If the file’s original profile is unknown, choosing the wrong one can shift the apparent colour dramatically. Do not assign a profile just because its name sounds standard. Assignment changes interpretation without changing pixel values; conversion recalculates values to preserve appearance as far as the destination gamut allows.
Evidence: Image editing software documentation
Convert means translate
Converting through a colour-management system changes pixel values to preserve their interpreted appearance in a destination space, within the available gamut. This is the normal choice when preparing a known source image for another colour space, such as a web-oriented export.
Evidence: Standards body technical guide
Check before you repair
Inspect whether a profile is embedded and identify the source application or device. Save a copy, then compare the original and converted export in a colour-managed viewer. If the source profile is unknown, record that limitation instead of guessing from how saturated the image looks.
Sources & further reading
Sources for the specific facts and product descriptions above. Our worked examples, interpretations and practical suggestions are original editorial guidance.
- Adobe Photoshop, Change color profiles in documentsImage editing software documentation
- International Color Consortium, About ICC ProfilesStandards body technical guide